public class HappyString
extends java.lang.Object
Constructor and Description |
---|
HappyString(java.lang.String string)
This class clones the String object functionality and adds
with additional methods, such as
join(java.lang.Iterable<?>) , split(java.lang.String, int) , and in(java.lang.String...) . |
Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
---|---|
java.lang.String |
capitalize() |
char |
charAt(int index)
Returns the
char value at the
specified index. |
int |
codePointAt(int index)
Returns the character (Unicode code point) at the specified
index.
|
int |
codePointBefore(int index)
Returns the character (Unicode code point) before the specified
index.
|
int |
codePointCount(int beginIndex,
int endIndex)
Returns the number of Unicode code points in the specified text
range of this
String . |
int |
compareTo(java.lang.String anotherString)
Compares two strings lexicographically.
|
int |
compareToIgnoreCase(java.lang.String str)
Compares two strings lexicographically, ignoring case
differences.
|
java.lang.String |
compress() |
java.lang.String |
concat(java.lang.String str)
Concatenates the specified string to the end of this string.
|
boolean |
contains(java.lang.CharSequence s)
Returns true if and only if this string contains the specified
sequence of char values.
|
boolean |
contentEquals(java.lang.CharSequence cs)
Compares this string to the specified
CharSequence . |
boolean |
contentEquals(java.lang.StringBuffer sb)
Compares this string to the specified
StringBuffer . |
int |
count(char character) |
int |
count(java.lang.String substring) |
boolean |
endsWith(java.lang.String suffix)
Tests if this string ends with the specified suffix.
|
boolean |
equals(java.lang.Object anObject)
Compares this string to the specified object.
|
boolean |
equalsIgnoreCase(java.lang.String anotherString)
Compares this
String to another String , ignoring case
considerations. |
java.lang.String |
get(int index) |
byte[] |
getBytes()
Encodes this
String into a sequence of bytes using the
platform's default charset, storing the result into a new byte array. |
byte[] |
getBytes(java.nio.charset.Charset charset)
Encodes this
String into a sequence of bytes using the given
charset, storing the result into a
new byte array. |
byte[] |
getBytes(java.lang.String charsetName)
Encodes this
String into a sequence of bytes using the named
charset, storing the result into a new byte array. |
void |
getChars(int srcBegin,
int srcEnd,
char[] dst,
int dstBegin)
Copies characters from this string into the destination character
array.
|
int |
hashCode()
Returns a hash code for this string.
|
boolean |
in(java.lang.Iterable<java.lang.String> iterable) |
boolean |
in(str str) |
boolean |
in(java.lang.String... elements) |
boolean |
in(java.lang.String string) |
int |
indexOf(int ch)
Returns the index within this string of the first occurrence of
the specified character.
|
int |
indexOf(int ch,
int fromIndex)
Returns the index within this string of the first occurrence of the
specified character, starting the search at the specified index.
|
int |
indexOf(java.lang.String str)
Returns the index within this string of the first occurrence of the
specified substring.
|
int |
indexOf(java.lang.String str,
int fromIndex)
Returns the index within this string of the first occurrence of the
specified substring, starting at the specified index.
|
boolean |
isEmpty()
Returns true if, and only if,
length() is 0. |
java.lang.String |
join(java.lang.Iterable<?> parts) |
java.lang.String |
join(java.util.Iterator<?> parts) |
java.lang.String |
join(java.lang.String... parts) |
int |
lastIndexOf(int ch)
Returns the index within this string of the last occurrence of
the specified character.
|
int |
lastIndexOf(int ch,
int fromIndex)
Returns the index within this string of the last occurrence of
the specified character, searching backward starting at the
specified index.
|
int |
lastIndexOf(java.lang.String str)
Returns the index within this string of the last occurrence of the
specified substring.
|
int |
lastIndexOf(java.lang.String str,
int fromIndex)
Returns the index within this string of the last occurrence of the
specified substring, searching backward starting at the specified index.
|
int |
length()
Returns the length of this string.
|
list<java.lang.String> |
lookAlikes(java.lang.Iterable<java.lang.String> candidates) |
list<java.lang.String> |
lookAlikes(java.lang.Iterable<java.lang.String> candidates,
double threshold) |
java.lang.String |
lower() |
boolean |
matches(java.lang.String regex)
Tells whether or not this string matches the given regular expression.
|
boolean |
notEquals(str str) |
boolean |
notEquals(java.lang.String string) |
boolean |
notIn(java.lang.Iterable<java.lang.String> iterable) |
boolean |
notIn(java.lang.String... elements) |
boolean |
notIn(java.lang.String string) |
int |
offsetByCodePoints(int index,
int codePointOffset)
Returns the index within this
String that is
offset from the given index by
codePointOffset code points. |
<T> T |
parseJson()
Factory method that creates a new instance of xpresso base type (dict, list, etc)
object from a valid Json object
string representation.
|
boolean |
regionMatches(boolean ignoreCase,
int toffset,
java.lang.String other,
int ooffset,
int len)
Tests if two string regions are equal.
|
boolean |
regionMatches(int toffset,
java.lang.String other,
int ooffset,
int len)
Tests if two string regions are equal.
|
java.lang.String |
replace(char oldChar,
char newChar)
Returns a new string resulting from replacing all occurrences of
oldChar in this string with newChar . |
java.lang.String |
replace(java.lang.CharSequence target,
java.lang.CharSequence replacement)
Replaces each substring of this string that matches the literal target
sequence with the specified literal replacement sequence.
|
java.lang.String |
replaceAll(java.lang.String regex,
java.lang.String replacement)
Replaces each substring of this string that matches the given regular expression with the
given replacement.
|
java.lang.String |
replaceFirst(java.lang.String regex,
java.lang.String replacement)
Replaces the first substring of this string that matches the given regular expression with the
given replacement.
|
int |
search(java.lang.String anotherString) |
double |
search(java.lang.String anotherString,
int approximateLocation) |
double |
search(java.lang.String anotherString,
int approximateLocation,
double threshold) |
double |
similarity(java.lang.String anotherString) |
java.lang.String |
slice() |
java.lang.String |
slice(int step) |
java.lang.String |
slice(int startIndex,
int endIndex) |
java.lang.String |
slice(int startIndex,
int endIndex,
int step) |
java.lang.String |
sliceFrom(int startIndex) |
java.lang.String |
sliceFrom(int startIndex,
int step) |
java.lang.String |
sliceTo(int endIndex) |
java.lang.String |
sliceTo(int endIndex,
int step) |
list<java.lang.String> |
split() |
list<java.lang.String> |
split(Regex regex,
int limit)
Splits this string around matches of the given
regular expression.
|
list<java.lang.String> |
split(java.lang.String regex)
Splits this string around matches of the given regular expression.
|
list<java.lang.String> |
split(java.lang.String regex,
int limit) |
boolean |
startsWith(java.lang.String prefix)
Tests if this string starts with the specified prefix.
|
boolean |
startsWith(java.lang.String prefix,
int toffset)
Tests if the substring of this string beginning at the
specified index starts with the specified prefix.
|
java.lang.String |
strip() |
java.lang.String |
strip(java.lang.String chars) |
java.lang.String |
stripAccents() |
java.lang.CharSequence |
subSequence(int beginIndex,
int endIndex)
Returns a new character sequence that is a subsequence of this sequence.
|
java.lang.String |
substring(int beginIndex)
Returns a new string that is a substring of this string.
|
java.lang.String |
substring(int beginIndex,
int endIndex)
Returns a new string that is a substring of this string.
|
java.lang.String |
times(int multiplier) |
java.lang.String |
title() |
char[] |
toCharArray()
Converts this string to a new character array.
|
java.lang.String |
toLowerCase()
Converts all of the characters in this
String to lower
case using the rules of the default locale. |
java.lang.String |
toLowerCase(java.util.Locale locale)
Converts all of the characters in this
String to lower
case using the rules of the given Locale . |
java.lang.String |
toString()
This object (which is already a string!) is itself returned.
|
java.lang.String |
toUpperCase()
Converts all of the characters in this
String to upper
case using the rules of the default locale. |
java.lang.String |
toUpperCase(java.util.Locale locale)
Converts all of the characters in this
String to upper
case using the rules of the given Locale . |
java.lang.String |
translate(list<tuple> fromTo) |
java.lang.String |
translit() |
java.lang.String |
trim()
Returns a copy of the string, with leading and trailing whitespace
omitted.
|
java.lang.String |
unidecode() |
java.lang.String |
upper() |
public HappyString(java.lang.String string)
join(java.lang.Iterable<?>)
, split(java.lang.String, int)
, and in(java.lang.String...)
.
Example 1: boolean q = x.String("na").in("banana");
x.print(q);
Console: true
Example 2: String s = x.String("|").join(x.listOf("a","b","c"));
x.print(s);
Console: a|b|cstring
- to wrappublic final java.lang.String join(java.lang.Iterable<?> parts)
public final java.lang.String join(java.util.Iterator<?> parts)
public final java.lang.String join(java.lang.String... parts) throws java.io.IOException
java.io.IOException
public java.lang.String get(int index)
public list<java.lang.String> split(java.lang.String regex, int limit)
public list<java.lang.String> split()
public java.lang.String stripAccents()
public java.lang.String translit()
public java.lang.String unidecode()
public int count(java.lang.String substring)
public int count(char character)
public java.lang.String upper()
public java.lang.String lower()
public java.lang.String strip()
public java.lang.String strip(java.lang.String chars)
public java.lang.String title()
public java.lang.String capitalize()
public boolean in(java.lang.String... elements)
public boolean in(str str)
public boolean in(java.lang.Iterable<java.lang.String> iterable)
public boolean in(java.lang.String string)
public boolean notIn(java.lang.String... elements)
public boolean notIn(java.lang.Iterable<java.lang.String> iterable)
public boolean notIn(java.lang.String string)
public boolean notEquals(java.lang.String string)
public boolean notEquals(str str)
public java.lang.String times(int multiplier)
public java.lang.String slice(int startIndex, int endIndex)
public java.lang.String slice(int startIndex, int endIndex, int step)
public java.lang.String slice()
public java.lang.String slice(int step)
public java.lang.String sliceTo(int endIndex, int step)
public java.lang.String sliceTo(int endIndex)
public java.lang.String sliceFrom(int startIndex, int step)
public java.lang.String sliceFrom(int startIndex)
public java.lang.String compress()
public double similarity(java.lang.String anotherString)
public int search(java.lang.String anotherString)
public double search(java.lang.String anotherString, int approximateLocation)
public double search(java.lang.String anotherString, int approximateLocation, double threshold)
public list<java.lang.String> lookAlikes(java.lang.Iterable<java.lang.String> candidates, double threshold)
public list<java.lang.String> lookAlikes(java.lang.Iterable<java.lang.String> candidates)
public <T> T parseJson()
T
- output typepublic int length()
public boolean isEmpty()
length()
is 0.length()
is 0, otherwise
falsepublic char charAt(int index)
char
value at the
specified index. An index ranges from 0
to
length() - 1
. The first char
value of the sequence
is at index 0
, the next at index 1
,
and so on, as for array indexing.
If the char
value specified by the index is a
surrogate, the surrogate
value is returned.
index
- the index of the char
value.char
value at the specified index of this string.
The first char
value is at index 0
.java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
- if the index
argument is negative or not less than the length of this
string.public int codePointAt(int index)
char
values
(Unicode code units) and ranges from 0
to
length()
- 1
.
If the char
value specified at the given index
is in the high-surrogate range, the following index is less
than the length of this String
, and the
char
value at the following index is in the
low-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point
corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise,
the char
value at the given index is returned.
index
- the index to the char
valuesindex
java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
- if the index
argument is negative or not less than the length of this
string.public int codePointBefore(int index)
char
values
(Unicode code units) and ranges from 1
to length
.
If the char
value at (index - 1)
is in the low-surrogate range, (index - 2)
is not
negative, and the char
value at (index -
2)
is in the high-surrogate range, then the
supplementary code point value of the surrogate pair is
returned. If the char
value at index -
1
is an unpaired low-surrogate or a high-surrogate, the
surrogate value is returned.
index
- the index following the code point that should be returnedjava.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
- if the index
argument is less than 1 or greater than the length
of this string.public int codePointCount(int beginIndex, int endIndex)
String
. The text range begins at the
specified beginIndex
and extends to the
char
at index endIndex - 1
. Thus the
length (in char
s) of the text range is
endIndex-beginIndex
. Unpaired surrogates within
the text range count as one code point each.beginIndex
- the index to the first char
of
the text range.endIndex
- the index after the last char
of
the text range.java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
- if the
beginIndex
is negative, or endIndex
is larger than the length of this String
, or
beginIndex
is larger than endIndex
.public int offsetByCodePoints(int index, int codePointOffset)
String
that is
offset from the given index
by
codePointOffset
code points. Unpaired surrogates
within the text range given by index
and
codePointOffset
count as one code point each.index
- the index to be offsetcodePointOffset
- the offset in code pointsString
java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
- if index
is negative or larger then the length of this
String
, or if codePointOffset
is positive
and the substring starting with index
has fewer
than codePointOffset
code points,
or if codePointOffset
is negative and the substring
before index
has fewer than the absolute value
of codePointOffset
code points.public void getChars(int srcBegin, int srcEnd, char[] dst, int dstBegin)
srcBegin
;
the last character to be copied is at index srcEnd-1
(thus the total number of characters to be copied is
srcEnd-srcBegin
). The characters are copied into the
subarray of dst
starting at index dstBegin
and ending at index:
dstbegin + (srcEnd-srcBegin) - 1
srcBegin
- index of the first character in the string
to copy.srcEnd
- index after the last character in the string
to copy.dst
- the destination array.dstBegin
- the start offset in the destination array.java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
- If any of the following
is true:
srcBegin
is negative.
srcBegin
is greater than srcEnd
srcEnd
is greater than the length of this
string
dstBegin
is negative
dstBegin+(srcEnd-srcBegin)
is larger than
dst.length
public byte[] getBytes(java.lang.String charsetName) throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException
String
into a sequence of bytes using the named
charset, storing the result into a new byte array.
The behavior of this method when this string cannot be encoded in
the given charset is unspecified. The CharsetEncoder
class should be used when more control
over the encoding process is required.
charsetName
- The name of a supported charsetjava.io.UnsupportedEncodingException
- If the named charset is not supportedpublic byte[] getBytes(java.nio.charset.Charset charset)
String
into a sequence of bytes using the given
charset, storing the result into a
new byte array.
This method always replaces malformed-input and unmappable-character
sequences with this charset's default replacement byte array. The
CharsetEncoder
class should be used when more
control over the encoding process is required.
charset
- The Charset to be used to encode
the String
public byte[] getBytes()
String
into a sequence of bytes using the
platform's default charset, storing the result into a new byte array.
The behavior of this method when this string cannot be encoded in
the default charset is unspecified. The CharsetEncoder
class should be used when more control
over the encoding process is required.
public boolean equals(java.lang.Object anObject)
true
if and only if the argument is not null
and is a String
object that represents the same sequence of characters as this
object.equals
in class java.lang.Object
anObject
- The object to compare this String
againsttrue
if the given object represents a String
equivalent to this string, false
otherwisecompareTo(String)
,
equalsIgnoreCase(String)
public boolean contentEquals(java.lang.StringBuffer sb)
StringBuffer
. The result
is true
if and only if this String
represents the same
sequence of characters as the specified StringBuffer
.sb
- The StringBuffer
to compare this String
againsttrue
if this String
represents the same
sequence of characters as the specified StringBuffer
,
false
otherwisepublic boolean contentEquals(java.lang.CharSequence cs)
CharSequence
. The result
is true
if and only if this String
represents the same
sequence of char values as the specified sequence.cs
- The sequence to compare this String
againsttrue
if this String
represents the same
sequence of char values as the specified sequence, false
otherwisepublic boolean equalsIgnoreCase(java.lang.String anotherString)
String
to another String
, ignoring case
considerations. Two strings are considered equal ignoring case if they
are of the same length and corresponding characters in the two strings
are equal ignoring case.
Two characters c1
and c2
are considered the same
ignoring case if at least one of the following is true:
==
operator)
Character.toUpperCase(char)
to each character
produces the same result
Character.toLowerCase(char)
to each character
produces the same result
anotherString
- The String
to compare this String
againsttrue
if the argument is not null
and it
represents an equivalent String
ignoring case; false
otherwiseequals(Object)
public int compareTo(java.lang.String anotherString)
String
object is compared lexicographically to the
character sequence represented by the argument string. The result is
a negative integer if this String
object
lexicographically precedes the argument string. The result is a
positive integer if this String
object lexicographically
follows the argument string. The result is zero if the strings
are equal; compareTo
returns 0
exactly when
the equals(Object)
method would return true
.
This is the definition of lexicographic ordering. If two strings are
different, then either they have different characters at some index
that is a valid index for both strings, or their lengths are different,
or both. If they have different characters at one or more index
positions, let k be the smallest such index; then the string
whose character at position k has the smaller value, as
determined by using the < operator, lexicographically precedes the
other string. In this case, compareTo
returns the
difference of the two character values at position k
in
the two string -- that is, the value:
If there is no index position at which they differ, then the shorter string lexicographically precedes the longer string. In this case,this.charAt(k)-anotherString.charAt(k)
compareTo
returns the difference of the lengths of the
strings -- that is, the value:
this.length()-anotherString.length()
anotherString
- the String
to be compared.0
if the argument string is equal to
this string; a value less than 0
if this string
is lexicographically less than the string argument; and a
value greater than 0
if this string is
lexicographically greater than the string argument.public int compareToIgnoreCase(java.lang.String str)
compareTo
with normalized versions of the strings
where case differences have been eliminated by calling
Character.toLowerCase(Character.toUpperCase(character))
on
each character.
Note that this method does not take locale into account, and will result in an unsatisfactory ordering for certain locales. The java.text package provides collators to allow locale-sensitive ordering.
str
- the String
to be compared.Collator.compare(String, String)
public boolean regionMatches(int toffset, java.lang.String other, int ooffset, int len)
A substring of this String object is compared to a substring of the argument other. The result is true if these substrings represent identical character sequences. The substring of this String object to be compared begins at index toffset and has length len. The substring of other to be compared begins at index ooffset and has length len. The result is false if and only if at least one of the following is true:
toffset
- the starting offset of the subregion in this string.other
- the string argument.ooffset
- the starting offset of the subregion in the string
argument.len
- the number of characters to compare.true
if the specified subregion of this string
exactly matches the specified subregion of the string argument;
false
otherwise.public boolean regionMatches(boolean ignoreCase, int toffset, java.lang.String other, int ooffset, int len)
A substring of this String object is compared to a substring of the argument other. The result is true if these substrings represent character sequences that are the same, ignoring case if and only if ignoreCase is true. The substring of this String object to be compared begins at index toffset and has length len. The substring of other to be compared begins at index ooffset and has length len. The result is false if and only if at least one of the following is true:
this.charAt(toffset+k) != other.charAt(ooffset+k)
and:Character.toLowerCase(this.charAt(toffset+k)) != Character.toLowerCase(other.charAt(ooffset+k))
Character.toUpperCase(this.charAt(toffset+k)) != Character.toUpperCase(other.charAt(ooffset+k))
ignoreCase
- if true
, ignore case when comparing
characters.toffset
- the starting offset of the subregion in this
string.other
- the string argument.ooffset
- the starting offset of the subregion in the string
argument.len
- the number of characters to compare.true
if the specified subregion of this string
matches the specified subregion of the string argument;
false
otherwise. Whether the matching is exact
or case insensitive depends on the ignoreCase
argument.public boolean startsWith(java.lang.String prefix, int toffset)
prefix
- the prefix.toffset
- where to begin looking in this string.true
if the character sequence represented by the
argument is a prefix of the substring of this object starting
at index toffset
; false
otherwise.
The result is false
if toffset
is
negative or greater than the length of this
String
object; otherwise the result is the same
as the result of the expression
this.substring(toffset).startsWith(prefix)
public boolean startsWith(java.lang.String prefix)
prefix
- the prefix.true
if the character sequence represented by the
argument is a prefix of the character sequence represented by
this string; false
otherwise.
Note also that true
will be returned if the
argument is an empty string or is equal to this
String
object as determined by the
equals(Object)
method.public boolean endsWith(java.lang.String suffix)
suffix
- the suffix.true
if the character sequence represented by the
argument is a suffix of the character sequence represented by
this object; false
otherwise. Note that the
result will be true
if the argument is the
empty string or is equal to this String
object
as determined by the equals(Object)
method.public int hashCode()
String
object is computed as
usings[0]*31^(n-1) + s[1]*31^(n-2) + ... + s[n-1]
int
arithmetic, where s[i]
is the
ith character of the string, n
is the length of
the string, and ^
indicates exponentiation.
(The hash value of the empty string is zero.)hashCode
in class java.lang.Object
public int indexOf(int ch)
ch
occurs in the character sequence represented by
this String
object, then the index (in Unicode
code units) of the first such occurrence is returned. For
values of ch
in the range from 0 to 0xFFFF
(inclusive), this is the smallest value k such that:
is true. For other values ofthis.charAt(k) == ch
ch
, it is the
smallest value k such that:
is true. In either case, if no such character occurs in this string, thenthis.codePointAt(k) == ch
-1
is returned.ch
- a character (Unicode code point).-1
if the character does not occur.public int indexOf(int ch, int fromIndex)
If a character with value ch
occurs in the
character sequence represented by this String
object at an index no smaller than fromIndex
, then
the index of the first such occurrence is returned. For values
of ch
in the range from 0 to 0xFFFF (inclusive),
this is the smallest value k such that:
is true. For other values of(this.charAt(k) == ch)&&
(k >= fromIndex)
ch
, it is the
smallest value k such that:
is true. In either case, if no such character occurs in this string at or after position(this.codePointAt(k) == ch)&&
(k >= fromIndex)
fromIndex
, then
-1
is returned.
There is no restriction on the value of fromIndex
. If it
is negative, it has the same effect as if it were zero: this entire
string may be searched. If it is greater than the length of this
string, it has the same effect as if it were equal to the length of
this string: -1
is returned.
All indices are specified in char
values
(Unicode code units).
ch
- a character (Unicode code point).fromIndex
- the index to start the search from.fromIndex
, or -1
if the character does not occur.public int lastIndexOf(int ch)
ch
in the
range from 0 to 0xFFFF (inclusive), the index (in Unicode code
units) returned is the largest value k such that:
is true. For other values ofthis.charAt(k) == ch
ch
, it is the
largest value k such that:
is true. In either case, if no such character occurs in this string, thenthis.codePointAt(k) == ch
-1
is returned. The
String
is searched backwards starting at the last
character.ch
- a character (Unicode code point).-1
if the character does not occur.public int lastIndexOf(int ch, int fromIndex)
ch
in the range
from 0 to 0xFFFF (inclusive), the index returned is the largest
value k such that:
is true. For other values of(this.charAt(k) == ch)&&
(k <= fromIndex)
ch
, it is the
largest value k such that:
is true. In either case, if no such character occurs in this string at or before position(this.codePointAt(k) == ch)&&
(k <= fromIndex)
fromIndex
, then
-1
is returned.
All indices are specified in char
values
(Unicode code units).
ch
- a character (Unicode code point).fromIndex
- the index to start the search from. There is no
restriction on the value of fromIndex
. If it is
greater than or equal to the length of this string, it has
the same effect as if it were equal to one less than the
length of this string: this entire string may be searched.
If it is negative, it has the same effect as if it were -1:
-1 is returned.fromIndex
, or -1
if the character does not occur before that point.public int indexOf(java.lang.String str)
The returned index is the smallest value k for which:
If no such value of k exists, thenthis.startsWith(str, k)
-1
is returned.str
- the substring to search for.-1
if there is no such occurrence.public int indexOf(java.lang.String str, int fromIndex)
The returned index is the smallest value k for which:
If no such value of k exists, thenk >= fromIndex&&
this.startsWith(str, k)
-1
is returned.str
- the substring to search for.fromIndex
- the index from which to start the search.-1
if there is no such occurrence.public int lastIndexOf(java.lang.String str)
this.length()
.
The returned index is the largest value k for which:
If no such value of k exists, thenthis.startsWith(str, k)
-1
is returned.str
- the substring to search for.-1
if there is no such occurrence.public int lastIndexOf(java.lang.String str, int fromIndex)
The returned index is the largest value k for which:
If no such value of k exists, thenk <= fromIndex&&
this.startsWith(str, k)
-1
is returned.str
- the substring to search for.fromIndex
- the index to start the search from.-1
if there is no such occurrence.public java.lang.String substring(int beginIndex)
Examples:
"unhappy".substring(2) returns "happy" "Harbison".substring(3) returns "bison" "emptiness".substring(9) returns "" (an empty string)
beginIndex
- the beginning index, inclusive.java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
- if
beginIndex
is negative or larger than the
length of this String
object.public java.lang.String substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex)
beginIndex
and
extends to the character at index endIndex - 1
.
Thus the length of the substring is endIndex-beginIndex
.
Examples:
"hamburger".substring(4, 8) returns "urge" "smiles".substring(1, 5) returns "mile"
beginIndex
- the beginning index, inclusive.endIndex
- the ending index, exclusive.java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
- if the
beginIndex
is negative, or
endIndex
is larger than the length of
this String
object, or
beginIndex
is larger than
endIndex
.public java.lang.CharSequence subSequence(int beginIndex, int endIndex)
An invocation of this method of the form
behaves in exactly the same way as the invocationstr.subSequence(begin, end)
This method is defined so that the String class can implement thestr.substring(begin, end)
CharSequence
interface.beginIndex
- the begin index, inclusive.endIndex
- the end index, exclusive.java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
- if beginIndex or endIndex are negative,
if endIndex is greater than length(),
or if beginIndex is greater than startIndexpublic java.lang.String concat(java.lang.String str)
If the length of the argument string is 0
, then this
String
object is returned. Otherwise, a new
String
object is created, representing a character
sequence that is the concatenation of the character sequence
represented by this String
object and the character
sequence represented by the argument string.
Examples:
"cares".concat("s") returns "caress" "to".concat("get").concat("her") returns "together"
str
- the String
that is concatenated to the end
of this String
.public java.lang.String replace(char oldChar, char newChar)
oldChar
in this string with newChar
.
If the character oldChar
does not occur in the
character sequence represented by this String
object,
then a reference to this String
object is returned.
Otherwise, a new String
object is created that
represents a character sequence identical to the character sequence
represented by this String
object, except that every
occurrence of oldChar
is replaced by an occurrence
of newChar
.
Examples:
"mesquite in your cellar".replace('e', 'o') returns "mosquito in your collar" "the war of baronets".replace('r', 'y') returns "the way of bayonets" "sparring with a purple porpoise".replace('p', 't') returns "starring with a turtle tortoise" "JonL".replace('q', 'x') returns "JonL" (no change)
oldChar
- the old character.newChar
- the new character.oldChar
with newChar
.public boolean matches(java.lang.String regex)
An invocation of this method of the form str.matches(regex) yields exactly the same result as the expression
Pattern
.matches
(regex, str)
regex
- the regular expression to which this string is to be matchedjava.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException
- if the regular expression's syntax is invalidPattern
public boolean contains(java.lang.CharSequence s)
s
- the sequence to search fors
, false otherwisejava.lang.NullPointerException
- if s
is null
public java.lang.String replaceFirst(java.lang.String regex, java.lang.String replacement)
An invocation of this method of the form str.replaceFirst(regex, repl) yields exactly the same result as the expression
Pattern
.compile
(regex).matcher
(str).replaceFirst
(repl)
Note that backslashes (\) and dollar signs ($) in the
replacement string may cause the results to be different than if it were
being treated as a literal replacement string; see
Matcher.replaceFirst(java.lang.String)
.
Use Matcher.quoteReplacement(java.lang.String)
to suppress the special
meaning of these characters, if desired.
regex
- the regular expression to which this string is to be matchedreplacement
- the string to be substituted for the first matchjava.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException
- if the regular expression's syntax is invalidPattern
public java.lang.String replaceAll(java.lang.String regex, java.lang.String replacement)
An invocation of this method of the form str.replaceAll(regex, repl) yields exactly the same result as the expression
Pattern
.compile
(regex).matcher
(str).replaceAll
(repl)
Note that backslashes (\) and dollar signs ($) in the
replacement string may cause the results to be different than if it were
being treated as a literal replacement string; see
Matcher.replaceAll
.
Use Matcher.quoteReplacement(java.lang.String)
to suppress the special
meaning of these characters, if desired.
regex
- the regular expression to which this string is to be matchedreplacement
- the string to be substituted for each matchjava.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException
- if the regular expression's syntax is invalidPattern
public java.lang.String replace(java.lang.CharSequence target, java.lang.CharSequence replacement)
target
- The sequence of char values to be replacedreplacement
- The replacement sequence of char valuesjava.lang.NullPointerException
- if target
or
replacement
is null
.public list<java.lang.String> split(Regex regex, int limit)
The array returned by this method contains each substring of this string that is terminated by another substring that matches the given expression or is terminated by the end of the string. The substrings in the array are in the order in which they occur in this string. If the expression does not match any part of the input then the resulting array has just one element, namely this string.
The limit parameter controls the number of times the pattern is applied and therefore affects the length of the resulting array. If the limit n is greater than zero then the pattern will be applied at most n - 1 times, the array's length will be no greater than n, and the array's last entry will contain all input beyond the last matched delimiter. If n is non-positive then the pattern will be applied as many times as possible and the array can have any length. If n is zero then the pattern will be applied as many times as possible, the array can have any length, and trailing empty strings will be discarded.
The string "boo:and:foo", for example, yields the following results with these parameters:
Regex Limit Result : 2 { "boo", "and:foo" } : 5 { "boo", "and", "foo" } : -2 { "boo", "and", "foo" } o 5 { "b", "", ":and:f", "", "" } o -2 { "b", "", ":and:f", "", "" } o 0 { "b", "", ":and:f" }
An invocation of this method of the form str.split(regex, n) yields the same result as the expression
Pattern
.compile
(regex).split
(str, n)
regex
- the delimiting regular expressionlimit
- the result threshold, as described abovejava.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException
- if the regular expression's syntax is invalidPattern
public list<java.lang.String> split(java.lang.String regex)
This method works as if by invoking the two-argument split
method with the given expression and a limit
argument of zero. Trailing empty strings are therefore not included in
the resulting array.
The string "boo:and:foo", for example, yields the following results with these expressions:
Regex Result : { "boo", "and", "foo" } o { "b", "", ":and:f" }
regex
- the delimiting regular expressionjava.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException
- if the regular expression's syntax is invalidPattern
public java.lang.String toLowerCase(java.util.Locale locale)
String
to lower
case using the rules of the given Locale
. Case mapping is based
on the Unicode Standard version specified by the Character
class. Since case mappings are not always 1:1 char mappings, the resulting
String
may be a different length than the original String
.
Examples of lowercase mappings are in the following table:
Language Code of Locale | Upper Case | Lower Case | Description |
---|---|---|---|
tr (Turkish) | \u0130 | \u0069 | capital letter I with dot above -> small letter i |
tr (Turkish) | \u0049 | \u0131 | capital letter I -> small letter dotless i |
(all) | French Fries | french fries | lowercased all chars in String |
(all) | lowercased all chars in String |
locale
- use the case transformation rules for this localeString
, converted to lowercase.String.toLowerCase()
,
String.toUpperCase()
,
String.toUpperCase(Locale)
public java.lang.String toLowerCase()
String
to lower
case using the rules of the default locale. This is equivalent to calling
toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault())
.
Note: This method is locale sensitive, and may produce unexpected
results if used for strings that are intended to be interpreted locale
independently.
Examples are programming language identifiers, protocol keys, and HTML
tags.
For instance, "TITLE".toLowerCase()
in a Turkish locale
returns "t\u0131tle"
, where '\u0131' is the
LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS I character.
To obtain correct results for locale insensitive strings, use
toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH)
.
String
, converted to lowercase.String.toLowerCase(Locale)
public java.lang.String toUpperCase(java.util.Locale locale)
String
to upper
case using the rules of the given Locale
. Case mapping is based
on the Unicode Standard version specified by the Character
class. Since case mappings are not always 1:1 char mappings, the resulting
String
may be a different length than the original String
.
Examples of locale-sensitive and 1:M case mappings are in the following table.
Language Code of Locale | Lower Case | Upper Case | Description |
---|---|---|---|
tr (Turkish) | \u0069 | \u0130 | small letter i -> capital letter I with dot above |
tr (Turkish) | \u0131 | \u0049 | small letter dotless i -> capital letter I |
(all) | \u00df | \u0053 \u0053 | small letter sharp s -> two letters: SS |
(all) | Fahrvergnügen | FAHRVERGNÜGEN |
locale
- use the case transformation rules for this localeString
, converted to uppercase.String.toUpperCase()
,
String.toLowerCase()
,
String.toLowerCase(Locale)
public java.lang.String toUpperCase()
String
to upper
case using the rules of the default locale. This method is equivalent to
toUpperCase(Locale.getDefault())
.
Note: This method is locale sensitive, and may produce unexpected
results if used for strings that are intended to be interpreted locale
independently.
Examples are programming language identifiers, protocol keys, and HTML
tags.
For instance, "title".toUpperCase()
in a Turkish locale
returns "T\u0130TLE"
, where '\u0130' is the
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DOT ABOVE character.
To obtain correct results for locale insensitive strings, use
toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH)
.
String
, converted to uppercase.String.toUpperCase(Locale)
public java.lang.String trim()
If this String
object represents an empty character
sequence, or the first and last characters of character sequence
represented by this String
object both have codes
greater than '\u0020'
(the space character), then a
reference to this String
object is returned.
Otherwise, if there is no character with a code greater than
'\u0020'
in the string, then a new
String
object representing an empty string is created
and returned.
Otherwise, let k be the index of the first character in the
string whose code is greater than '\u0020'
, and let
m be the index of the last character in the string whose code
is greater than '\u0020'
. A new String
object is created, representing the substring of this string that
begins with the character at index k and ends with the
character at index m-that is, the result of
this.substring(k, m+1)
.
This method may be used to trim whitespace (as defined above) from the beginning and end of a string.
public java.lang.String toString()
toString
in class java.lang.Object
public char[] toCharArray()